Indigenous Studies Working Group

Welcome

_{Marjorie Mandelstam Balzer, (Anthropology, Berkley Center); Bette Jacobs (Law School, O’Neill Institute for National & Global Health Law)}

The Indigenous Studies Working Group of Georgetown University gathers together colleagues and students interested in the field of Indigenous Studies. We promote greater respect, awareness, and collaboration with Indigenous peoples in our region, in the United States, and across the world. All with serious interest in Indigenous peoples are welcome here. Please contact us with ideas.

We honor the Indigenous peoples whose land became the Greater Washington area, especially the Piscataway, Anacostank, Pamunkey and others. The second Monday in October is Indigenous Peoples’ Day, after earlier being Columbus Day. Many states and over 130 cities, including Washington D.C. recognize this. See Harvard’s 2024 Carr Center statement on Indigenous Peoples Day. Viewers are welcome to weigh in on debates about Columbus Day and Columbus statues. Over 44 statues have come down in the US. On climate change, international Indigenous leaders have become “guardians of the future” and are helping save forests. Native American month is November, a time to reflect on painful legacies. Association of Indigenous Anthropologists (AIA) recommends readings and reminds us there are 574 federally recognized tribes in the United States. Historically, about 500 distinct Native languages were spoken in North America. Currently, Ethnologue lists 245 indigenous languages in the United States, with 65 already extinct and 75 near extinction with only a few elder speakers left.

An international map for Indigenous locations is a “work in progress” without legal boundaries. It provides a sense of the range of lands and names of Indigenous peoples. NPR published an Americas historical legacy variation map to honor Indigenous Peoples’ Day 2022.

What is Indigeneity?

Indigenous peoples—also known as Native, Aboriginal or First Nations peoples—identify themselves as the original inhabitants of their home regions. Concepts rooted in place as well as sacred land animate their stewardship. Indigenous groups today are actively protecting, defining, and transforming their own identities in the context of centuries of colonization, forced assimilation, and genocide. The concept of indigeneity and the suffering, survival, and resilience behind it are in need of exploration. Our network is a work in progress, and both faculty and student interest at Georgetown is growing. Our members include faculty from several departments and across Georgetown schools in the main campus and Law School. They also include students from councils (CISA and NALSA) on both campuses.

Why do we need a network?

Today’s university- and country-wide soul-searching concerning misunderstandings about race, the fluidity of identity, and the construction of ethnic group solidarities benefits from adding the dimension of Indigenous studies to the mix of Georgetown’s diversity-oriented events and courses. While our campus is rightfully engaged in heightened awareness concerning race, ethnicity, gender, nationalism, and identity, Indigenous peoples are often marginalized—if not getting lost—once again. We need a better framing for students and faculty in the campus community to benefit more systematically from consciousness-raising concerning issues of Indigenous identity, rights, legacies, and (re)vitalization. We hope that this website can become a forum for discussion of issues that are crucial to Indigenous communities. Casa Latina is hosting Indigenous activities, and the Campus Ministry provides space for smudging and meetings. Please check their site and the Circle of Indigenous Students’ Alliance CISA for updates. See NASC’s pre-covid and still relevant student petition, signed by many students in 2019.

Relevant courses:

2025-26 Erin Hurley is offering a CULP (SFS) course on Indigenous Politics and Diplomacy for Fall. Contact erin.hurley@georgetown.edu for more information.

2024-5 Indigenous Peoples of the Americas and Power-Based Violence (GOVT 5668; CRN: 42493). This course, taught by Professor Veronica Quinonez, examines various forms of power-based violence including intimate partner violence, stalking, and sexual violence as it impacts Indigenous Americans.

Spring 2025 Brian Griffiths (Earth Commons) teaches International Approaches to Community-based Conservation, a survey course about how local and Indigenous communities globally can flip the classic top-down model of conservation to manage their own natural resources.

Nicolás Campisi in the Department of Spanish and Portuguese teaches courses integrating Indigenous literature of the Americas.

The Anthropology Dept periodically offers Representing Indigeneity .

GU Study Abroad in Cusco, Peru: Indigenous Peoples and Globalization – School for International Training SIT Peru: Indigenous Peoples & Globalization.

Professor Lisbeth Fuisz teaches a course on Native American literature for the English Department.

Ezra Rosser, expert on Federal Indian Law and the Navajo, is visiting at GU law and welcomes student visits even if you are not in his classes.

Melinda González is a Puerto Rican cultural anthropologist and poet whose courses include environmental justice issues for Indigenous peoples.

Anita Gonzalez, co-founder of GU’s Racial Justice Institute, taught Cross-Cultural Perf. Studies in Spring 2024 and periodically incorporates Indigenous issues in her courses.

Kevin Healy regularly teaches courses on Indigenous movements in Latin America.

Bette Jacobs teaches periodically her Indigenous Health Law and Access to Health Care .

Stay posted for relevant School of Foreign Service courses through the Diversity office. “Treaties between Sovereigns: An Overview of American Indian and US Relations” was taught by Prof. Charles F. Sams III (Umatilla) and Prof. Stan Thayne Sp. 2021 and should be in rotation.

Shelbi Nahwilet Meissner (Luiseño/Cupeño) has left our Philosophy Department for University of Maryland, creating an Indigenous Studies Lab. She was key to developing GU course offerings and helping Indigenous students, and can be found through the Washington Consortium of Universities.

Cinthya Ammerman, recipient of the prestigious ACLS Emerging Voices postdoctoral fellowship, was 2021-22 faculty in Georgetown’s Humanities Initiative.  From Mapuche territory in Chile, follow her research on the interconnected colonization of Wallmapu (Chile) and California Native territory. 

CULP 375 “Indigenous Peoples, Conflict and Resilience” team-taught by Marjorie Mandelstam Balzer , Faculty Fellow Berkley Center (balzerm@georgetown.edu); Bette Jacobs , Distinguished Professor of Health Administration (Bette.Jacobs@georgetown.edu)

At American University, courses on indigeneity are taught by Elizabeth Rule (Chickasaw) and Buck Woodard.

At George Washington University, the AT&T Center for Indigenous Politics and Policy  has closed.

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SCHOLARSHIPS & RESOURCES for Native American and Alaskan Native Students:

https://earthjustice.org/office/tribal-partnerships; https://www.edumed.org/financial-aid/native-american-students-scholarships-resources/ . Soul of Nations lists fellowship opportunities. See also Tribal Technical Assistance Opportunities Available . Center for Native American Youth (CNAY) of the Aspen Institute has opened Champions for Change applications . National Congress of American Indians has entrepreneur opportunities. See also a student guide for college resources and scholarships resource guide.

News and Events

Please join us for “Ecological Distress and Climate Adaptation of the Oglala Lakota People: An Ethnographic Study and Photo Exhibition ” Tuesday, April 22, 4 – 6pm  with reception. Mortara Center for International Studies 36th Street NW Washington, DC 20007. Co-sponsors: the Department of Global Health with Earth Commons and the Indigenous Studies Working Group. Arjun Chhabra presents his fieldwork at Pine Ridge on a panel with Oglala Lakota Community Leaders Tally Plume and Nick Hernandez, with Bette Jacobs moderating. Please rsvp: https://www.eventbrite.com/e/ecological-distress-and-climate-adaptation-of-the-oglala-lakota-people-tickets-1312027472489?aff=oddtdtcreator

The annual United Nations Permanent Forum on Indigenous Issues Starts April 21. For events, see Cultural Survival’s summary.

For Indigenous perspectives, see Native News Online. For example, see their coverage of President Jimmy Carter’s passing, and President Biden’s commutation for Leonard Peltier. For background, see In the Spirit of Crazy Horse: The Story of Leonard Peltier and the FBI’s War on the American Indian Movement by Peter Matthiessen.

For more on the recent legal decision against Greenpeace in the Dakota Access Pipeline protest case, see PBS coverage, Cultural Survival implications analysis, and for background our “Current Challenges” section of this website.

New Zealand’s Indigenous politics heated up in parliament and beyond.

On Russia’s Indigenous peoples and their disproportionate sacrifices in the Ukraine war see the Wilson Center’s 2025 discussion with Pavel Sulyandziga (Udege) and Alexandra Garmazhapova (Buryat). Sources for Russia’s Indigenous are: https://indigenous-russia.com and https://batani.org/.

We co-sponsored a conversation between SFS Vice Dean Carla Koppell and researcher Armand Lione exploring the Native American histories of Washington, D.C. Discussion featured Lione’s research and his book, Native American History of Washington, DC. March 25, 2025. To learn more about Anacostan Indian history, see his DC Native History Project. Chances for student involvement include a possible plaque memorializing project.

March 25 the Center on Faith and Justice hosted “Women in Leadership: Resistance and Resilience .” It featured Lt. Governor Peggy Flanagan (MN, White Earth Band of Ojibwe), the U.S.’s highest ranking Native woman elected to executive office, as well as Dr. Cynthia Miller-Idriss.

Lannan Center hosted a wonderful series of events including March 26 playwright Mary Kathryn Nagle as panel chair for “Indigenous Peoples and Land,” featuring poets Linnea Axelsson (Saami) dg nanouk okpik (Iñupiaq-Inuit) . It was part of the “Writing Climate” Symposium.

George Washington U hosted March 31 “Arctic Women Leadership Addressing Climate, Geopolitical, and Economic Transitions: Local, Federal and Indigenous Perspectives”. The online event was recorded.

Kathleen DuVal’s Native Nations: a Millennium in North America (Random House) won the 2025 Bancroft Prize.

The Smithsonian’s annual Mother Tongue Film Festival was 2/20-23/2025 (online 2/24-3/1) and the opening night was great, featuring “Singing Back the Buffalo.” See www.mothertongue.si.edu  for information about the films.

Emma Manetta wrote an insightful feature for the Hoya titled “Unseen and Undercounted: Indigenous Students Misrepresented at GU”, 1/17/25, p. A4.

Jan 13 at Kennedy Center’s Terrace Theater Georgetown’s visiting PostClassical Ensemble featured Indigenous composer Jerod Impichchaachaaha’ Tate. For more see Jerod’s website.

Hopes for Native American studies at GU were covered in Georgetown Voice Dec 10, 2024.

Dec 7-8 annual Native Art Market was at National Museum of American Indian. There’s plenty to do, see and buy there beyond the market. Note also Mvskoke Etvlwv: The Muscogee People Festival  https://americanindian.si.edu/events [and see other recorded events].

The “Cultural Revitalization and Indigenization” webinar held on November 26, 2024 can be viewed on the International Academy for Multicultural Cooperation (IAMC) website .

Honoring Native American Heritage Month events included https://www.georgetown.edu/celebrating-native-american-culture-and-heritage-at-georgetown/native-american-heritage-month-events-2/

Ecology News: Keeping Caribou Alive in Canada ; Reclaiming the Klamath River YouTube: https://bit.ly/restorative-justice-youtube ; with dam removals salmon may return along Klamath River. But salmon remain endangered with 2025 cuts in NOAA monitoring.

Tribal Voices: A Native American Heritage Celebration was held November 3, 2024 at Glen Echo Park Partnership for Arts & Culture, sponsored by the National Park Service.  Learn More .

From Rodion Sulyandziga (Udege, Siberian Indigenous), chair of The Indigenous Peoples’ Summit for a Just Transition, concluded in Geneva Oct 12: “The final summit document, outlining our principles and the protocol, will serve as a cornerstone in all future negotiations, ensuring that the voice of Indigenous peoples is heard and respected on every platform where the future of our planet is decided.” Sponsorship included the EU’s SIRGE coalition.

Cultural Survival on Sept. 13 had a forum “Centering Indigenous Peoples’ Self-Determination in the Energy Transition and Sustainable Development“. Aug 9 was International Indigenous people’s day. In a landmark decision, Nepal has officially recognized Humlo Peoples as one of the country’s Indigenous nationalities. Read more.  Cultural Survival featured a “Sharing Circle on Indigenous Languages in the Times of Climate Change” July 12, July 16, and July 19, 2024. July 12 featured Aresta Tsosie-Paddock (Dine) and Viacheslav Shadrin (Yukaghir); July 19 included keynote speakers Roza Laptander (Nenets), Daanis Pelletier (Anishinaabe), Loreisa Lepine (lək̓ʷəŋən). Details. Recordings are available.

Native Art of Mary Sully (Dakota Sioux) is featured at the Metropolitan Museum in New York through Jan. 12, 2025.

Kennedy Center Sept 6 hosted Justice Forum (Admission free but register): conversation between Social Practice Resident Dr. Elizabeth Rule (Chickasaw Nation) and award-winning author Vanessa Lillie (Cherokee Nation) on the pressing issue of missing and murdered Indigenous women.

American Historical Association hosted a teachers’ workshop featuring Prof. Ned Blackhawk (Western Shoshone) of Yale U.: Native Peoples and the Architecture of US History Wednesday, July 24, 2024, Learn more on the AHA website .
The 2024 Smithsonian Folklife Festival focused on Indigenous Voices of the Americas , celebrating the twentieth anniversary of the National Museum of the American Indian in D.C. Intern opportunities for the Folklife program are listed here .

A guide to Native American resources in GU’s archival collection has been digitized. John Zarrillo, manuscripts curator, welcomes interested scholars. The papers of Catholic historian John Gilmary Shea include documents related to Indigenous American languages and tribal histories of the 19th century. They are now digitized and available online.

The annual UN Permanent Forum on Indigenous Peoples was April 15. See https://social.desa.un.org/issues/indigenous-peoples.

The US Institute of Peace hosted an Indigenous Peace Builders Summit April 11-12. To learn more, write Julia Schiwal jschiwal@usip.org . The opening April 11, including the keynote by Debra Haaland, Secretary of the Interior, U.S. Department of the Interior, is available online. Follow ups are continuing. Institute of Peace also hosted 1/24/24 The Afro-Indigenous Peoples of Honduras: Exclusion, Conflict, and Migration , available online.

Theater in DC: A new play by Rhiana Yazzie with an Indigenous theme is Nancy , “a world premiere production about a fictional conversation between Nancy Reagan and Esmeralda, a Navajo mother, in an exploration of identity, ancestry, and ambition.” See Mosaic Theater’s website . Madeline Sayet’s 2024 Where We Belong about her Mohegan ancestry and much more, at Folger Shakespeare Theater co-sponsored with Woolly Mammoth, was sensational. See her website for more information on this exciting actor/scholar.

Academy Awards Oscar Night included Lily Gladstone, nominated for best actress for Killers of the Flower Moon. Winner of the Golden Globe, her talent and impact are huge. See also our Cultural Expressions section.

Smithsonian Mother Tongue Film Festival 2024 Feb 21-24 theme was Finding Balance. Smithsonian 2023 Mother Tongue Film Festival 2/ 23-26, theme was Coming Home. Smithsonian’s Mother Tongue Film Festival is annual, part of their Recovering Voices program. https://mothertongue.si.edu/ Some films remain open access.

Holding Sacred Space: Connecting through the Spirituality of Sound was February 26, 2024 at GU’s Dahlgren Chapel, including dancing in the chapel! Co-sponsored by the Department of Performing Arts, African American Studies, and the Center for Multicultural Equity and Access. Hope Khodaei (Piscataway) participated, with Afro-Indigenous performers. 

We are mourning the passing of N. Scott Momaday (1934-2024), the great Kiowa writer and philosopher. For a celebration of his life, including many obits, see the special site of SAR. A poignant less known angle on his amazing life was his friendship with the Siberian (Nenets/Khanty) poet Yuri Vaella, resulting in the book Meditations after the Bear Feast.

Washington Post has a Race in America: Giving Voice podcast series. 1/4/24 featured Devery Jacobs. See also Amber Midthunder.

Australia’s controversial referendum failed to recognize Indigenous in its constitution. Ramifications are serious and polarization has intensified.

Nov 16 at GW Lisner 3-5 featured 2024 Journalists’ Guide to Environment and Energy with Indigenous affairs reporter Debra Utacia Krol (Xolon Salinan).

Ken Burns’ The American Buffalo is available for streaming on PBS, as is Native America.

Nov 13 the community lunch for our working group, sponsored by the SFS Office of Diversity included students and faculty, with lively discussion. For further information contact Marjorie Mandelstam Balzer balzerm@georgetown.edu.

Nov 9 GU online forum: Indigenous Communities, Child-Family Separation and the Catholic Church, included Indigenous speakers. For a recording, contact Gillian Huebner gh559@georgetown.edu .

Two great exhibits in DC feature Indigenous artists: at National Gallery of Art “The Land that Carries Our Ancestors” and at the Renwick Gallery “Sharing Honors and Burdens”. In New York Brazilian artist Chico has a retrospective:

International Indigenous Women’s Day, celebrated Sept 5, reminds us of prominent female leaders. See https://www.culturalsurvival.org/ for Indigenous activism. This day is commemorated in honor of Aymara warrior Bartolina Sisa who in 1780, along with her husband Túpac Katari, led an important part of the Aymara-Quechua rebellion against the exploitation and abuse of Spanish colonizers in Peru.

See the impressive obituary of Ada Deer, first woman to lead Bureau of Indian Affairs.

School of Advanced Research in Santa Fe featured Harvard’s Philip Deloria “The Year the Stars Fell” September 27 with an online option.

Hawaiian Fire Disaster in Maui and Indigenous responses are in the news.

Congresswoman Deb Haaland (D-New Mexico), head of the Department of Interior (Deb Haaland Is Sworn In As Interior Secretary), continues to make news with a 2023 healing campaign to listen to communities seared by boarding schools. Brookings provided perspective on her appointment. See also her 2021 UN address and her dialogue with Joy Harjo. https://www.washingtonpost.com/lifestyle/2023/07/17/deb-haaland-road-to-healing/.

Georgetown University co-sponsored in October 2023 the forum on Faith and the Family: Propagating and Preventing Child-Family Separation Across Time and Context . Earlier the workshop for GU Collaborative on Global Children’s Issues sponsored: Indigenous Communities, Intergenerational Knowledge, and Climate Change in Mesoamerica , 2/ 28, 2023.

The U.S. Supreme Court upheld the Indian Child Welfare Act June 15, 2023.

Elizabeth Rule’s 2023 book Indigenous DC (GU Press) is out. See also the app.

A beautiful Graduation Ceremony for Indigenous Scholars was on May 19. Congratulations Class of 2023, and Professor Shelbi Nahwilet Meissner (Luiseño/Cupeño) for organizing it.

Round House Theater featured Mary Kathryn Nagle’s On the Far End, Directed by Margot Bordelon April 1 – May 7, 2023.

Winner of 2023 DC International Film Festival:

Art Events: American University‘s Katzen Arts Center hosted Madayin: Eight Decades of Aboriginal Australian Bark Painting from Yirrkala 2/4-5/14. Festival 3/31, 4/1 ; Metropolitan Museum of Art, NYC, hosted The Lives of the Gods: Divinity in Maya Art through 4/2. Shaped by the Loom: Weaving Worlds in the American Southwest Bard Gallery, NYC 2/17-7/9. Filmmaker and artist Sky Hopinka was featured on PBS 1/23.

On April 17-28, 2023, the 22nd session of the United Nations Permanent Forum on Indigenous Issues  (UNPFII) took place. Its theme focused on “Indigenous Peoples, human health, planetary and territorial health and climate change: a rights-based approach.”

Land Back and Sacred Land News: Arizona disputed land at Oak Flat threatened with copper mining; Rappahannock of VA reclaimed parcel of Fones Cliffs homeland. Contested buy backs occurred in upstate NY, Cayuga territory.

Woodrow Wilson Center Nature-Based Solutions and Indigenous Voices: Lessons from Canada 2/28 was recorded. Their Canada and Arctic programs periodically feature Indigenous issues.

George Washington University lecture by Dr. Nelson Moldonado-Torres. “Living and Thinking Under Catastrophe:  Combative Decoloniality as Counter-Catastrophe Thinking, Creation and Action.” 2/6 6-8.   

GU talk: “Settler Ableism, Settler Nationalism: Disability and Land sovereignty” with Professor Jess L. Cowing (Wooster) 2/6, 3-4:30 pm HFSC Herman room and zoom. tinyurl.com/Feb6dsevent

“Divine Feminine Medicine: A Virtual Discussion”  2/13 7:30 pm. www.mosketuhconsulting.com

CISA hosted a wonderful poetry, song and art performance in Riggs 11/28/2022 6-8.

National Museum of the American Indian presented Native Cinema Showcase 11/18-25/2022.

GU’s Kyle Shernuk spoke to the Asia In Depth history seminar on “Indigenous Taiwan: Ethnographies, Identities, and Oceans for the 21st Century” 11/17/2022.

NALSA hosted a book talk on the Native American Indian Movement and Leonard Peltier at GU Law School 11/14/2022. Raising Indigenous Voices in Academia and Society blended conference was held 10/20-25/2022. For information contact: neyooxet.greymorning@mso.umt.edu .

Brazil’s Indigenous peoples and their protected areas have been under siege in the Amazon, as 2022 murders have revealed. Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva [Lula] won Brazil’s 2022 presidential election. Brazil’s National Museum, burned in 2018, is being revived with Indigenous leadership. Chile’s 2022 draft constitution features environment and Indigenous rights.

Pope Francis’s reconciliation project for Canada’s First Nations was launched with an apology denouncing “catastrophic” residential schools. Some claimed too little too late, while others wept.

Reparations for the “stolen generations” of schoolchildren taken from their families in Australia were announced. Australia’s National Anthem was edited to become more inclusive. Aboriginal history is reflected in the lives of activist Rosalie Kunoth-Monks and singer Archie Roach.

Cultural Survival’s 2022 panel “Securing Indigenous Rights in the Green Economy” is available on youtube. See also their “call to action” for 2022, and their coverage of COP 27.

Some of Russia’s Indigenous people have been speaking out against the war in Ukraine. Russia’s Indigenous are being mobilized to fight in Ukraine at higher proportions than their demography warrants. New laws in Russia further restrict who has the right to be defined as Indigenous. For perspective, see M. Mandelstam Balzer’s recent book. Her book talk was April 2022 for GU’s Center for Eurasian, Russian and E European Studies.

The 15th session for the United Nations “expert mechanism” review of violations of the rights of Indigenous peoples took place in Geneva July 2022. See also http://www.firstpeoples.org/ .

The US supreme court in 2020 ruled that much of eastern Oklahoma is Indian Country, confirming treaty rights of the Muscogee (Creek) Nation, as well as local Cherokee, Chickasaw, Choctaw and Seminole Nations. The ruling came in a context of heightened societal awareness for rights of BIPOC. Poet laureate Joy Harjo and Lawyer Sarah Deer provided reflections. Ramifications ensued and in 2022 McGirt v Oklahoma was revised with further infringements on tribal self-governance.

Land: Virginia Rappahannock have regained riverside land in historical partnership and Monacans have won a battle to save burial grounds and their historic Rassawek capital. Two Delaware Indian groups, Nanticoke and Lenape, are buying back ancestral lands. Similar movements in California and the mid-west are using Land Trusts to reclaim homelands. Georgia is integrating Muscogee (Creek) tribal lands into plans for Ocmulgee Mounds National Park. Bears Ears, Grand Staircase-Escalante, and Northeast Canyons and Seamounts were restored — great news for the Inter-Tribal coalition of the Navajo Nation and the Hopi, Ute Indian, Ute Mountain Ute and Pueblo of Zuni Tribes that fought for this since 2017.

Indigenous at GU: Anishinaabe Theater Exchange was at GU for the May 4 opening of the Lab for Global Performance and Politics’ annual “Gathering.” Also featured was the play Andares weaving Mayan, Muxe and Wixarika Indigenous myths with current concerns. These exciting events are available on the Lab’s youtube. The background panel “How We Go Missing” was co-sponsored by the Racial Justice Institute 4/29 and is available on request. Artist-performer Edward Keith Colston (Tuscarora/ Lumbee) presented in Professor Anita Gonzalez’s Cross-cultural Performance class 4/7/22. He is an important local resource: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=P37HrB5Cwss . Center for Latin American Studies sponsored “Embracing Multiple Visions of Indigenous Education in Latin American Universities:  Experiences in Mexico and Peru“ 4/4/2022.

Pacific Islanders and Indigenous Peoples Share Their Sacred Values seminar was recorded 2/19/22.

New Zealand Art seminar Bard College 2/22/22.

Indigenous Women Leaders were confirmed for National Endowment for the Humanities (Shelley Low, Navajo/Dine); for National Museum of American Indian (Cynthia Chavez Lamar, Pueblo), and appointed for Indian Health Service (Roselyn Tso, Navajo).

Indigenous activists were in Scotland for climate change workshops and demonstrations. A summary of Indigenous statements and actions is at Cultural Survival.

Energy politics and protest is crucial for President Biden’s administration. Demonstrations at the White House pushing for climate action Oct 11-15 joined Indigenous and ecology activists. Organizers included People vs Fossil Fuels. See Winona LaDuke’s (Ojibwe) Line 3 pipeline protest explanation; and Chippewa writer Louise Erdrich’s plea.

In honor of American Indian and Alaska Native Heritage November 2021, the Census Bureau released new data. Indigenous Peoples’ Days and Months call attention to issues but symbolism can be augmented every day.

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